Unemployment in Greek Cypriot Families Psychosocial Impact, Coping Strategies, and Grassroots-level Solutions
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Abstract
Cyprus experienced the third highest unemployment rate in the EU in 2013, 2014, and 2015. To create a profile of the Greek Cypriot unemployed, determine the psychosocial impact of unemployment, and identify risk and protective factors germane to this context, a telephone survey was conducted with 120 Greek Cypriot unemployed adults. It was further hypothesised that long-term unemployment has more pervasive destructive psychosocial effects on both the unemployed and their families and that the latter effects are exacerbated by poverty and mitigated by social support and religiosity. The study's last focus was to generate grassroots-level solutions to the problem of unemployment with implications for social policy development. Findings partially support the research hypotheses and provide insight into various government, legal, church, and society-level interventions that may help deflate the problem. Implications for knowledge development, future research, and social policy are discussed.
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Keywords
unemployment, Cyprus, psychosocial impact, risk and protective factors, coping mechanisms, solutions, social policy
References
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Gough, M. and Killewald, A. (2011) ‘Unemployment in Families: The Case of Housework’, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 73, No. 5, pp. 1085–1100.
Harland, P., Reijneveld, S.A., Brugman, E., Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. and Verhulst, F.C. (2002) ‘Family Factors and Life Events as Risk Factors for Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Children’, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 176–184.
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Info Cyprus (2015) ‘Unemployment Benefit in Cyprus’. Available on-line at the World Wide Web at: [http://infocyprus.com/citizen/social-welfare/unemployed-people/unemploymentbenefit], last accessed on 31 August 2015.
Jahoda, M. (1981) ‘Work, Employment and Unemployment: Values, Theories and Approaches in Social Research’, American Psychologist, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 184–191.
Kambas, M. (2014) ‘Transparency International to Set Up Anti-Graft Hotline’. Cyprus Mail. Available on-line at the World Wide Web at: [http://whatswrongwithcyprus.eucy.info/category/corruption-2/], last accessed on 31 August 2015.
Karren, R. and Sherman, K. (2012) ‘Layoffs and Unemployment Discrimination: A New Stigma’, Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 27, No. 8, pp. 848–863.
Lester, D. (1996) ‘The Impact of Unemployment on Marriage and Divorce’, Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, Vol. 25, pp. 151–153.
Letkemann, P. (2002) ‘Unemployed Professionals, Stigma Management and Derivative Stigmata’, Work, Employment and Society, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 511–522.
Liem, R. and Liem, J.H. (1996) ‘Mental Health and Unemployment: The Making and Unmaking of Psychological Casualties’, in Lykes, M.B., Banuazizi, A., Liem, R. and Morris, M. (eds), Myths about the Powerless: Contesting Social Inequalities. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, pp. 105–127.
Liu, Y., Croft, J.B., Chapman, D.P., Perry, G.S., Greenlund, K.J., Zhao, G. and Edwards, V.J. (2013) ‘Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Unemployment among Adults from Five US States’, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 357–369.
Madianos, M.G., Alexiou, T., Patelakis, A. and Economou, M. (2014) ‘Suicide, Unemployment and Other Socioeconomic Factors: Evidence from the Economic Crisis in Greece’, The European Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 39–49.
Magklara, K., Skapinakis, P., Gkatsa, T., Bellos, S., Araya, R., Stylianidis, S. and Mavreas, V. (2012) ‘Bullying Behaviour in Schools, Socioeconomic Position and Psychiatric Morbidity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Late Adolescents in Greece’, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Vol. 6, No. 8, pp. 1–13.
Maxwell, E. and Maxwell, R.J. (1992) ‘Insults to the Body Civil: Mistreatment of Elderly in Two Plains Indian Tribes’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, Vol. 7, pp. 3–23.
McKee, R.F., Song, Z., Wanberg, C.R. and Kinicki, A.J. (2005) ‘Psychological and Physical Wellbeing during Unemployment: A Meta-Analytic Study’, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 90, pp. 53–76.
Myers, M.S. (1998) ‘Empowerment and Community Building through a Gardening Project’, Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 181–183.
Nichols, A., Mitchell, J. and Lindner, S. (2013) ‘Consequences of Long-Term Unemployment’. Urban Institute. Available on-line at the World Wide Web at: [http://www.urban.org/url.Cfm?id=412887&RSSFeed=Urban.xml], last accessed on 5 February 2014.
Page, A., Milner, A., Morrell, S. and Taylor, R. (2013) ‘The Role of Under-Employment and Unemployment in Recent Birth Control Effects in Australian Suicide’, Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 93, pp. 155–162.
Parsons, T. (1951) The Social System. New York, NY: The Free Press.
Pashardes, P. (2014) ‘An Evaluation of the Social and Employment Aspects and Challenges in Cyprus’. European Parliament Paper PE 497.761. Available on-line at the World Wide Web at: [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/note/join/2014/497761/IPOL-JOIN_NT (2014)497761_EN.pdf ], last accessed on 31 August 2015.
Pashardes, P. and Hajispyrou, S. (2003) ‘The Economic Effects of the Turkish Invasion on the Greek Cypriots’. University of Cyprus Economic Policy Paper No. 06-03. Available on-line at the World Wide Web at: [https://www.ucy.ac.cy/erc/documents/Effects_of_Tourkish_Invation.pdf ], last accessed on 31 August 2015.
Pateraki, E. and Roussi, P. (2013) ‘Marital Quality and Well-being: The Role of Gender, Marital Duration, Social Support and Cultural Context’, in Efklides, A. and Moraitou, D. (eds), A Positive Psychology Perspective on Quality of Life. New York, NY: Springer, pp. 125–145.
Patton, W. and Donohue, R. (1998) ‘Coping with Long-Term Unemployment’, Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 8, Iss. 5, pp. 331–343.
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“Unemployment in Greek Cypriot Families: Psychosocial Impact, Coping Strategies, and Grassroots-Level Solutions”. 2017. Cyprus Review 27 (2): 65-88. https://www.cyprusreview.org/index.php/cr/article/view/47.